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  1. Key Takeaways The Cincinnati Bengals have the most environmentally conscious fans (83.3%), while NFL fans perceived the Los Angeles Chargers/Los Angeles Rams stadium to be the greenest in the league (22.8%). Overall, the Philadelphia Eagles have the greenest NFL stadium (Lincoln Financial Field), while the Jacksonville Jaguars have the least green NFL stadium (TIAA Bank Field). The Mercedes-Benz Stadium (Atlanta Falcons) is the only stadium in the NFL with Platinum-level LEED certification. 13 out of 30 NFL stadiums have solar panels, while four more stadiums are in the process of installing solar panels. Green Accountability As the state of the environment continues to deteriorate, "going green" becomes increasingly relevant and important. Corporations, politicians, and (hopefully) even your next-door neighbor are all held to some degree of accountability for their carbon footprint. Therefore, it stands to reason that NFL stadiums are too. Since these buildings host some of the largest-capacity events in America, from football games to musical performances, it makes sense that stadium management and fans are concerned with how sustainable their stadiums' operations and facilities are. We took a closer look to understand how concerned fans really are about the "greenness" of their stadiums. Additionally, using the most recent publicly available data and research, we ranked stadiums based on specific and measurable qualifications to assess just how green they really are. These qualifications include LEED certifications, energy-saving practices, and waste reduction techniques. Continue reading to see what we found. Do Fans Care Whether Their Team Is Green? We explored whether NFL fans cared about their home stadium's ecological footprint in order to properly understand if they hold their teams accountable in terms of environmental impact. Clearly, NFL fans do care about their respective home stadium's ecological footprint, with 69.6% of respondents answering "yes" to this question, and only 15.5% answering with a definitive "no." The rest remained unsure. When asked whether they were more likely to attend a game if their team's stadium was environmentally friendly, most respondents answered affirmatively. Specifically, 60.8% of respondents answered "yes," 20% answered "no," and 19.1% weren't sure. So, then, who are these environmentally conscious football fanatics? The 16 most caring NFL fandoms were within a 10 percentage point range of each other (73.6% to 83.3%), suggesting that NFL fans are, overall, more or less similarly concerned with stadium sustainability practices. However, when comparing individual teams, Bengals fans have reason to be even more proud that they're "not Cleveland." Specifically, the data indicated that 83.3% of respondents who were Bengals fans cared about how green their home stadium was, while only 73.6% of respondents who were Browns fans felt the same. When asked which stadium they believe to be the greenest, NFL fans thought that Los Angeles' SoFi Stadium took the cake. Almost 23% of respondents believed the home of the Chargers and Rams was the most environmentally friendly, while roughly half of this percentage (11.4%) thought the same of the Philadelphia Eagles' Lincoln Financial Field. Interestingly enough, it also seems that a considerable percentage of respondents believed that no stadiums are particularly outstanding, with 12.8% answering that none of them are the greenest. When it came down to how NFL fans believed their stadiums should actually implement green initiatives, it appeared that limiting waste production was the most popular option. Just over 53% of respondents believed that stadiums should focus on limiting waste production via recycling, while 50.8% believed that stadiums should do the same by reducing plastic use. Which Stadiums Are the "Greenest"? In assessing how environmentally friendly NFL stadiums are, it's obviously important to abide by certain objective and measurable standards. Therefore, we've ranked the 30 NFL stadiums into tiers based on points assigned to them in specific green categories. Point assignment was based on the following factors: LEED certification, waste reduction, and energy savings. According to the United States Green Building Council, LEED – or Leadership in Environmental Energy and Design – certification is "the most widely used green building rating system in the world." Waste reduction can be measured by evaluating if and to what extent stadiums employ practices like recycling and limiting plastic use. Energy savings can be assessed by looking at if and to what extent stadiums employ methods such as LED lighting or solar panels. We'll take a closer look at these variables later. The results are notably different from the perceptions of stadium sustainability expressed by fans during our survey. Specifically, it appears that Lincoln Financial Field – which only received 11.4% in the survey – leads the Tier 1 pack. What's also interesting is that the aforementioned SoFi Stadium, home of the Chargers and Rams, is a Tier 5 stadium despite receiving the most votes in the survey data. The lack of green initiatives at SoFi Stadium could be related to its recent opening (2020), however one would expect a building built so recently to be more compliant with currency environmentally-friendly trends. LEED-Certified NFL Stadiums As previously mentioned, LEED-certified NFL stadiums are positioned in the world's most widely used green building rating system. It is important to recognize these stadiums in order to inspire others to follow suit. In order to qualify for LEED certification, stadiums must meet certain prerequisites within the categories of architecture, interior design, engineering, landscaping architecture, and construction. There's additionally a point and rating system in place to further distinguish qualified buildings. Specifically, Platinum-rated buildings are those that receive 80 points or higher in accordance with how they implement projects within the aforementioned prerequisite categories. Gold buildings are those that receive 60–79 points, Silver buildings are those within the 50–59 point range, and Certified buildings are those within the 40–49 point range. The sole stadium in the Platinum category was the Atlanta Falcons' Mercedes-Benz Stadium. The Baltimore Ravens' M&T Bank Stadium, the Minnesota Vikings' U.S. Bank Stadium, the Philadelphia Eagles' Lincoln Financial Field, and the San Francisco 49ers' Levi's Stadium all fell within the Gold category. The Chicago Bears' Soldier Field was the only member of the Certified category. There were no Silver-ranked stadiums to date. Stadiums' Use of Clean Energy As for energy savings, it appeared most NFL stadiums implement at least some sustainable practices. According to our research, 25 out of 30 NFL stadiums use some degree of LED lighting. Solar panel usage is less common, but the majority of stadiums are either currently using (13) or implementing (4) them. Additionally, 10 stadiums have implemented both LED lighting and solar panel usage in their facilities. Unsurprisingly, this is true for Lincoln Financial Field, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, and Levi's Stadium. These same stadiums are additionally among the top stadiums in their usage of alternative energy solutions. Lincoln Financial Field operates on 100% clean energy, with 14 wind turbines and a network of timers and sensors to control the stadium's lights and HVAC systems. Mercedes-Benz Stadium boasts energy-efficient floor-to-ceiling glass architecture and high-efficiency heating and cooling systems. Levi's Stadium has a 27,000-square-foot green roof, is designed to achieve net-zero energy performance – meaning it produces as much energy as it uses annually – and uses LED lighting to illuminate approximately 40% of the stadium. Reducing, Reusing, and Recycling Waste reduction practices in NFL stadiums can exist in many forms: namely, the familiar concepts of reducing, reusing, and recycling. Examples of reducing include limiting the amount of harmful emissions and non-biodegradable waste associated with the stadium. Reusing involves decreasing the amount of single-use plastic distributed by the stadium and its vendors and substituting these for reusable materials. Recycling is the simplest practice and primarily involves ensuring that recycling methods are easily accessible to stadium employees and fans. So then, who's really putting the care into doing these things, you ask? Some of the same stadiums mentioned earlier make reappearances, while others are new to the green NFL discussion. Soldier Field and Lincoln Financial Field put forth yet another chart-topping performance, with both implementing some very creative and effective waste reduction techniques. Specifically, Soldier Field repurposes soil removed from the field for landscaping projects, has in-house recycling facilities for all recyclable materials, and uses green cleaning chemicals and products throughout the facility. Lincoln Financial Field implemented a company-wide sustainability program that diverts 99% of the waste from landfills, uses water filtration fountains to eliminate the need for plastic water bottles, and reduces plastic usage in favor of wood and corn-based materials. As for previously unmentioned stadiums, the Detroit Lions' Ford Field makes use of some interesting techniques. Ford Field's turf is made of recycled tires, the facility's ceiling and building frame contain 30 million pounds of recycled metal, and the building additionally has bamboo as flooring in elevator foyers. Green Realizations Generally speaking, it's safe to say NFL stadium administrators care about their home turf's ecological footprint, with many stadiums adopting creative and effective solutions to ensure that they're operating sustainably. The majority of NFL fans appear to be equally environmentally conscious, although it's likely that stadium sustainability isn't at the forefront of most followers' minds come game day. This is especially likely considering the complexity of each game and its many possible outcomes. If you'd like to bet on those outcomes, GamblersPick has all the information you need. Whether you're in search of the hottest casinos, bonuses, or games, gamblerspick.com gives you the inside scoop. All you need to bring to the table is your intuition. Methodology and Limitations We surveyed 1,006 NFL fans using Amazon MTurk in order to get their perspective on how important it is for NFL stadiums to have green initiatives. Of these respondents, 62.4% were men, 37.2% were women, and 0.4% identified as nonbinary. Additionally, the average age of respondents was 38 years old with a standard deviation of 11.4. The main limitation of this portion of our study is the reliance on self-report, which is faced with several issues such as, but not limited to, attribution, exaggeration, recency bias, and telescoping. For the remainder of this study, we gathered research from online sources and compiled an extensive list of the various green initiatives used by each NFL stadium. Our gathered data was acquired from the most recent publicly available articles. Using this information, we were able to create a meta-ranking, assigning points to additional initiatives, certifications, and metrics that allowed for a fair and unbiased comparison. Fair Use Statement Given the growing use of sustainability measures in NFL stadiums and the increasing relevance of environmentalism in general, it's certainly possible you will find our data of interest. If that's the case, feel free to use this data to continue the conversation with friends and family. Just make sure you do so for noncommercial use only and provide a link back to this page.
  2. In a year where the world has been plagued by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, it's encouraging to see industries that have managed not only to thrive, but to keep us thoroughly entertained. Video game sales hit a record of $10.86 billion in just the first quarter, up a full 9% from an already successful previous year. According to industry analysts, these sales represent comfort and connection being brought to the homes of otherwise distanced and disconnected lives. In that spirit, we chose to survey more than one thousand people who own at least one video game console. We asked them about the various upgrades they intend to make to their gaming experience as well as the types of considerations they make before purchasing. If you're curious to peek into the trends of this ever-expanding industry, keep reading. Primary Console Upgrade Considerations The first part of our study examined general console upgrading habits. The gaming world has been eagerly anticipating the releases of the Xbox Series X and the PlayStation 5, which were released on November 10 and November 12 respectively. So upgrades have likely been on the minds of gamers. Over half (59.1%) of people who already own a gaming console said they intend to upgrade within the little time left in 2020. Given the timing of two big releases right as holiday shopping is starting to kick into high gear, it makes sense that a significant number of gamers are looking to upgrade. While most gamers had at least tried consoles different from their own (82.2%), a plurality of gamers surveyed said they stick to the same console brand every time they upgrade. Just a tiny 2.2% of gamers said they rarely upgrade within the same brand. As for feeling pressure to keep up with the latest consoles, 72.6% of gamers said they felt some pressure to keep up with the newest versions. PlayStation loyalty, however, was perhaps the most pressurized. These gamers were the most likely to say they feel a lot of pressure to keep up. Thinking Through the Upgrade The next part of our study asked gamers about the factors they consider before upgrading their video game consoles. We also analyzed the most common upgrades people are currently considering. The two main factors gamers said they consider before buying a console are availability of games (78.7%) and compatibility of games (65.2%). These factors eclipsed details like special features (40.5%) and mobility (27.2%). Even though those perks may be nice, the ability to play games actually presents a major barrier to purchase for many. More and more often, games are becoming tied to the consoles themselves, which can be frustrating for gamers. Many of Xbox's most popular games, for instance, are Xbox exclusives, meaning they can only be played on that particular console brand. So the console you have may very well dictate what games can be played. It makes sense then, that gamers would have to consider availability and compatibility of games so heavily before buying a console. The most common console upgrade gamers said they were currently planning was to the PlayStation 5. That number, however, may be related to the fact that 39% of the people we surveyed already had PlayStation 4's, a higher percentage than any other gaming console. Instead, 17.5% of gamers chose to upgrade to the Xbox Series X this pandemic season. It's not surprising that the Nintendo Switch was still among the top planned console upgrades among gamers, considering how popular it was early on in the pandemic. Even in the summer, after the first major wave of the virus had died down, people were still having trouble getting their hands on one. Gaming Wish List Whether or not people intended on upgrading, we were interested to see which consoles were most desired among gamers. PlayStation was again the most commonly coveted brand. Specifically, gamers wanted the PS5, which is set to release in mid-November. Pre-orders for the console are already skyrocketing –some analysts call it the No. 1 product this holiday season. The Xbox Series X, another notable release coming this month, was a distant second with only 28.7% of gamers saying they wanted it. Nintendo Switch also was a contender at 25.5%. There are reports that a new version of the Switch could be released in early 2021, so the fact that people are still coveting it now could mean good things for the new version when it's available. Gaming More in a Global Pandemic As we mentioned earlier, the video game industry is having a heyday as people have had to stay home and spend more time indoors this year. Evidently, COVID-19 brought some new people to gaming. More than 22% of respondents reported buying their very first video game console since the onset of the pandemic. As for those who already owned a console, many (44%) did admit to playing more since COVID-19 struck. Xbox owners were the most likely to report as much. Gifting Games Not only are new consoles being released, but the holiday season is upon us. As gamers look toward these gift-giving occasions, we wanted to know what they had on their wish lists as well as their shopping lists. More than a third of the gamers we surveyed (36.4%) said they were going to ask for a new console as a gift this 2020 holiday season. That said, there was a major generosity streak circulating among gamers as well, with an even higher percentage (40.5%) intending to gift a console to someone before the end of the year. The most common gift gamers intended to give was the new PlayStation 5, which is no small gesture. On average, gamers intended to spend $380.40 before the year is over, whether on themselves or others. The two most common gifts (PS4 and PS5) were also the most common brands already owned by gamers. Game On The hype was building for newly released consoles like the PS5 and the Xbox Series X, and gamers were clearly paying attention. Many reported that they’re currently looking to upgrade their own consoles, and a fair number plan to purchase new consoles as gifts this holiday season. And we’re happy to see it – not only the generosity, but the ability to connect and enjoy one another’s company, if only virtually. 2020 is certainly a year where we need that. Methodology We surveyed 1,007 people who currently own a gaming console. Respondents were 54.9% men and 44.5% women. Four respondents were nonbinary, one was transgender, and one respondent chose not to disclose their gender. The average age of respondents was 35.5 with a standard deviation of 10.2. Data about the factors gamers consider before upgrading their consoles was collected through a check-all-that-apply question. Therefore, percentages won’t add to 100. People were asked to report the most they planned to spend on gaming through the end of 2020. The average presented was calculated to exclude outliers. This was done by finding the initial average and standard deviation and multiplying the latter by three. This product was then added to the initial average. Any data point above that sum was then excluded from the calculation. When reporting what consoles they most wanted, even if they didn’t plan to upgrade, people were instructed to choose up to three consoles. Limitations The data we are presenting rely on self-report. There are many issues with self-reported data. These issues include, but are not limited to, the following: selective memory, telescoping, attribution, and exaggeration. Fair Use Statement Gamers demonstrated careful considerations before making upgrades. If you think information like this could help someone making a gaming-related decision, you are welcome to share what you’ve found. Just be sure that you link back to this page and that your purposes are noncommercial.
  3. When you hear how much you can make playing video games these days, you might be tempted to pick up a controller – or devote more of your time to the pursuit in the event you’re already a gamer. In just a few short years of playing, esports athletes are growing net worths equivalent to those in traditional sports. Teams are earning nearly $5 million in a single competition, and all you need is a controller and a game to get started. If temptation has gotten the best of you, you’re not alone: There’s no end in sight for more players and more money entering the industry. Using data from existing esports players’ stats and demographics, we were able to see what typically happens once a person gets started in the sport. Your age, your country, and even what types of games you think you’d like to play can factor into whether you have a shot. Keep reading to find out more. Rise of the Digital Athlete We weren’t kidding when we said esports is exploding. The graph above denotes the rise of esports in terms of annual total active players as well as the total prize money in esports over time. Using the number of tournaments reported for each year, we were also able to calculate the average earnings per tournament as the years progress. Some say the earliest video game competition dates back to 1972 – Stanford University students competed in a Spacewars tournament, and the prize was a one-year subscription to Rolling Stone. By the 1980s, Atari had popularized gaming competitions, while classics like Pacman, Pong, and Space Invaders gained worldwide notoriety. Later, 2002 saw the release of Xbox Live, which brought online play to all of its console owners. Fast forward to 2019, and over $227 million was awarded in esports prize money. Per tournament, this averaged to $44,152 last year alone. Over the last decade, esports has become one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. As recently as 2000, there were only 258 active esports players competing. Today, there are more than 25,000. And there’s more money to be made – beyond competition earnings, sponsors have made room for many lucrative careers. Major networks like ESPN are getting increasingly invested in video games’ top players, but there are also livestreaming sites like Twitch that offer less hardcore gamers the chance to earn paychecks. Aging Into Esports Next, we wondered how age factors into esports success. Video games may sound like a young person’s sport, but the lack of physical exertion in video games (as compared to typical athletics) could theoretically give older players a fighting chance. Only one player among the top 20 lifetime highest-earning players is under the age of 20. His name is Kyle Giersdorf, and he’s a 17-year-old from the United States. In just three short years of playing esports, he’s already earned over $3 million. More often, the top earners skewed slightly older: 53% of the top 500 players are between the ages of 25 and 29, and this age group, along with those in their early 20s, were those with the highest median earnings. Only 1.5% of top players are 35 or older. To break this down as your hypothetical “salary,” let’s take a look at top earner Johan Sundstein from Denmark. He’s 26 years old and has earned nearly $7 million in his career. But that’s the very top earner globally, and it’s taken him 11 years to accumulate his fortune. That works out to roughly a $630,000 annual salary. Of course that’s a great salary, but it is significantly lower than the earnings of some top athletes in traditional sports – Lebron James made nearly $89 million last year. However, esports is relatively young compared to traditional sports leagues, so it’s possible salaries like that will come to esports athletes in time. Worldwide Winners Your country also can impact your odds of making it to the top. The next part of our study looked at the percentage of players from different countries ranked in the top 500 players overall. The five most lucrative games over time were also compared by country. The top three countries for esports champions were the United States (21.3%), Korea (16.6%), and China (14.1%). That said, certain games proved much more lucrative in some countries than others. South Korea has a particular passion for video game culture, and playing is considered a primary form of social activity. Similar things can be said of both the U.S. and China as well, where more players connect with one another this way. The most lucrative game overall – Dota 2 – is what’s known as a multiplayer online battle arena- or MOBA-style game, and it has become incredibly successful in China. Thus far, Dota 2 has earned players in the country $64.6 million. Recently, though, China had to ban the team Newbee from competitions after they were caught fixing Dota 2 matches. Fortnite, whose franchise is worth an estimated $2 billion on its own, has already earned American players over $31 million. This is a battle royale-style game, where 100 players attempt to out-survive one another. And the world’s second most lucrative game, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, is dominated by Denmark, with the country’s players garnering $14.7 million in winnings. Counter-Strike is a multiplayer first person shooter where teams of terrorists fight against counter-terrorists. Earning Styles The final portion of our study analyzed player earnings by their preferred genres and games. It also looks at which games would have the most competition as well as the most prize money to be won. These two numbers were used to calculate the games with the highest potential earnings per player. The kinds of games that brought home the biggest paychecks also had the most players – or the most competition. First person shooter was the top genre of choice with 39.1% of players, followed by MOBA games (16.9% of players). These two games earned players $210.5 million and $346.7 million, respectively. Dota 2, a particularly lucrative choice for a MOBA game, also had the highest potential earnings per player. With 3,681 players playing the game and $224.5 million in lifetime prize money, each gamer has an average potential earning of $61,007. The biggest competition may have been for players choosing Counter Strike, however: Nearly 13,000 competitors are vying for $96.5 million in total prizes. Follow the Money The potential to make the most esports money depends on a number of factors. As the data showed, the top video game players tended to be in their early-to-mid 20s and often lived in the U.S., Korea, and Denmark. Dota 2 was helping players earn more than any other game, but particularly for those in China. If you’re interested in getting involved, there couldn’t be a better time. The competition may be getting fiercer, but jackpots and financing of the sport are also increasing. That said, your chances of success are likely improved if you start before hitting 30, though there are successful older gamers. Regardless of age, be ready to put in the work: Current players have noted the sleepless nights and endless hours of practice it takes to make it to the top. And you certainly don’t have to wait to become the world’s best player to start having fun. While we can’t guarantee the odds are in your favor, there are certainly more opportunities to get involved in the sport than there previously were. And the sooner you get started, the better. Methodology Using data from Esportsearnings.com, we sought to explore the rise of esports and the feasibility of becoming an athlete within the sport. When examining the age of esports players, we confined our analysis to players ranked in the global top 500 players by overall earnings. Age data were not available for some players. The same was true of country data for a small percentage of players in the top 500. We also looked at countries’ dominance across different games. We looked at the top five games for overall prize money awarded. It should be noted that for all prize money data, totals are based both on game release dates and the date range of available data, which can fluctuate across different games and genres. The Esportsearnings.com site classifies games into 10 genres. Looking at data across all genres, we sought to find the total number of players in each genre. Prize money totals by genre are across the entire available time frame, rather than for a specific year. Finally, when we assessed the specific games with the highest potential earnings per player, we divided the total lifetime prize money awarded in a game and divided it by the number of players for that specific game. We confined our analysis to games with at least 50 players. Again, these should be considered potential lifetime earnings, rather than potential earnings in a single calendar year. Limitations As is clearly stated on the Esportsearnings.com website, the site relies on user contributions of information and publicly available data sources. Therefore, the completeness and timeliness of the data can be hard to estimate. This project is purely exploratory. Fair Use Statement While esports has steadily risen in popularity over the years, becoming a pro in the sport is by no means easy. If someone you know would benefit from the information in this project, you are free to share for noncommercial reuse. We ask that you link back here so the project can be viewed in its entirety and the methodology can be reviewed. This also gives credit to our contributors who make this work possible.
  4. Whenever angry Yelp reviewers last sat down to share their opinions of NFL stadiums, perhaps they didn’t realize just how hard historic events (COVID-19) would be hitting these same venues. Especially now that football season is here and stadiums attempt to construct various social distancing guidelines, it’s interesting to look back and see some of the reviews mentioning things like the fans or cleanliness on-site. After venues fill back up, will these Yelp reviews look the same? Maybe stadiums will be entirely different this year, but we have a pretty good idea of what reputations they need to overcome. We recently scraped over 9,600 Yelp reviews of each NFL stadium. We categorized these nearly ten thousand by reviews that mentioned the cleanliness, the prices, the traffic, and of course, the fans. What we ultimately found was a list of the best and worst stadiums (based on Yelp reviews) for each of these categories. If you’re curious to see how your hometown or favorite team stadium stacks up, keep scrolling. What's in a Game? The study began with a look at all the 1-star reviews of stadiums. Poor reviews were then flagged each time they mentioned price, traffic, uncleanliness, or the fans. We also considered a simple overall ranking of stadiums by their average star ratings. Stadiums with fewer than 20 1-star reviews were excluded to avoid one person’s opinion overly influencing the data. The overall worst three stadiums, according to their average star reviews on Yelp, were: Washington Football Team’s FedExField - 2.35 stars San Francisco 49ers’ Levi’s Stadium - 2.67 stars LA Chargers’ Dignity Health Sports Park - 3.12 stars We initially considered that the Washington Football Team’s stadium may have ranked most poorly because of the controversy surrounding the team’s former name, the Washington Redskins. Though the replacement name has not yet been chosen, it may not fix their poor stadium experience. Poor reviews from FedExField attendees were mostly concerned with price (45.5%) and traffic (48.8%). Price also bothered many 1-star reviewers after visiting the Dallas Cowboys’ AT&T stadium (40%) and the LA Rams Memorial Stadium (39.4%). Ultimately, price and traffic seemed to be the top two factors that weighed into most 1-star reviews. Things like uncleanliness and fans were mentioned, but not nearly as often in the bad reviews. Fans of the Raiders, however, were one exception to this rule and were mentioned more than a third of the time in all negative reviews about their stadium. According to Rolling Stone Magazine (and apparently Yelp reviewers), Raiders fans are the number one most disrespected in the league. Those who visit the stadium mention the fans quite frequently (35% of the time) in their 1-star reviews. In comparison, the overall top three stadiums rated positively, according to their average star reviews, were: Green Bay Packers’ Lambeau Field - 4.76 stars Pittsburgh Steelers’ Heinz Field - 4.36 stars Indianapolis Colts’ Lucas Oil Stadium - 4.35 stars Sparing Every Expense Since price factored so heavily into 1-star reviews, our study next sorts stadiums by those who had the most mentions of price, whether positive or negative. We then compared the average star ratings of just those reviews that mentioned price and again ranked each stadium by the top and bottom five. FedExField, as you will see, continued to be a troublemaker of sorts in the world of positive stadium experiences. But price was its first major complaint. Reviews of this stadium more often mentioned price than any other venue analyzed, and not in a good way. Though ticket sales themselves average roughly $125 per game, a previous study also showed that their prices for two tickets, two hot dogs, two beers, two soft drinks, and parking was an additional $272.17, more expensive than any other NFL stadium. In this study, reviews sorted by price for FedExField also had the lowest average star rank of any of the 31. And speaking of two hots dogs, food was a category that often went hand in hand with mentions of price. Many of the reviews we sorted through mentioned the food (hotdogs or otherwise) as being too costly. The top stadiums mentioning both food and price were the Falcons’ Mercedes-Benz Stadium, the Detroit Lions’ Ford Field, and the Bills’ New Era Field. The Falcons have announced a limited capacity seating plan for 2020, which may require those food prices to go up even further. Time and Yelp reviews will tell. The Green Bay Packers, who also plan to play in front of fans at Lambeau Stadium this year, must be doing something right with their stadium experience, as they ranked first for star ratings here as well. This stadium does offer some affordable and delicious crowd favorites, like bacon-wrapped hot dogs and cheese curds on brats. Traffic Troubles Even with a great game lined up, logistics can get in the way. You have to get everyone together, drive, and find parking. If things go smoothly, you’re lucky. The next part of our study filters reviews by their mentions of parking, traffic, and transportation. We also compared average star ratings for each mention of vehicle-related reviews. FedExField also had a major problem with transportation. More than half of all 1-star reviews of the stadium mentioned parking or traffic, and the reviews about it were lower than any other stadium. Reddit threads even offer advice in navigating this notoriously tricky (and expensive) parking space. Evidently, tailgating is also a logistical problem there. One reviewer explained it as follows: That said, there was one stadium for which reviewers mentioned parking even more often (but slightly more positively): Levi’s Stadium. Home to the San Francisco 49ers, Levi’s Stadium had 57.2% of its reviews mention either parking, transportation, or the traffic. This may have to do more with San Francisco, however, than the stadium itself. San Francisco is ranked fifth worst city in the entire world — world, not country — when it comes to traffic, so Levi’s certainly has its work cut out for it in providing a smooth traffic experience. The Green Bay Packers once again provided a comparatively wonderful experience when it came to parking and transportation. In reviews that mentioned these things, Lambeau Field received an average of 4.7 stars, compared to Levi’s (2.6 stars) and FedExField (2.4 stars). Not-So-Clean Stadiums The cleanliness conversation has taken on new importance in 2020. Hygiene has become a major safety issue. FedExField has a lot of work to do in Yelper’s eyes. Not only did it rank worst for price and parking, but once fans spent all that money and finally found a parking spot, FedExField added insult to injury and didn’t provide fans with a clean stadium. That, or fans took out their dissatisfaction on the stadium itself. Either way, FedExField had a higher percentage of its reviews mentioning uncleanliness (13.5%) than any other. That’s not to say that other venues received a free pass: Though FedEx may have ranked low in this area and others, it wasn’t dead last for cleanliness. Instead, the home of the LA Chargers was the lowest rated stadium when filtered by mentions of cleanliness. LA actually had cleanliness problems in their Rams stadium as well, which had the second highest number of uncleanliness mentions. Previous sanitary studies seem to back up what the fans are noticing in these 1-star reviews: The surfaces are actually quite dirty. This may all well change, however, with newfound emphasis on hygiene following the coronavirus. We’ll keep our pulse on the Yelp reviews once their doors reopen. Fan Feedback What is a stadium, after all, without its fans? The spirit and experience of a stadium is often due to the tailgating, the cheering, and the energy of the fans. The last portion of our study ranks stadiums by the number of Yelp reviews they have mentioning the fans. The fans were mentioned most often at the Buffalo Bills New Era Field. Buffalo Bills fans have ranked as some of the league’s best, according to previous studies. Onlookers appreciate the fans’ passion and dedication, even in the dead of winter. But certainly not all reviews were positive (or without bias). A visiting fan had this to say about New Era Field: FedExField and Lambeau Field fell into their usual two spots once again: FedEx as the worst fan-related field and Lambeau as the best. While the Washington Football Team tries to figure out a new name and new COVID-19 regulations, they may need to add in a third major bullet on their to-do list: fixing up the stadium. Reviews to Look Forward to The pre COVID-19 stadium experience wasn’t necessarily always a positive one. In the spirit of focusing on the positive, we can suggest that COVID-19 be a time when stadiums take time to restock and recommit to the fans. Perhaps with new hygienic practices and an ache for the glory days, stadiums will refresh and be able to turn some of their harshest Yelp reviews into positive ones. At a minimum, we hope to see mentions of “uncleanliness” take a sharp decline. If you are going to a game, make sure to take proper safety precautions and follow the specific stadium’s guidelines. If you’re staying in, however, and wanted to get into the gaming spirit, try heading to GamblersPick.com where you can get started gaming straight away from the comfort of your own home. Methodology and Limitations We collected data from Yelp of NFL stadiums. A total of 9,685 reviews were analyzed. Data was requested on August 26, 2020. The reviews were then categorized by the presence of specific keywords. The category “price” included any reviews that mentioned the words price, cost, expensive, cheap, and money. The category “Uncleanliness” included any reviews that mentioned the words unclean, dirty, gross, nasty, disgusting, filth, smelly, stink, and mess. The category “traffic” included any reviews that mentioned the words traffic, parking, and transport. The category “fans” included any reviews that mentioned the words fans or crowd. No statistical testing was performed, so the claims listed above are based on means alone. As such, this content is exploratory and is presented for informational purposes only. Fair Use Statement It helps to know what you’re getting yourself into if you’re heading to limited or full capacity stadium operations this year. If you know someone who could benefit from the findings of this study, you are welcome to share the information with them. Just be sure your purposes are noncommercial and that you link back to this page.
  5. When it comes to gridiron performance, it’s easy to overlook the importance of location. No matter where a football game takes place, the dimensions of the field remain the same. But NFL venues vary significantly, in ways both obvious and intangible. Whether it’s weather, raucous crowds, or the spirit of the stadium, certain players thrive in particular environments. We set out to study which players have the most impressive records in specific stadiums, either as home team heroes or visiting rivals. Similarly, we analyzed which squads tend to succeed on the road or fail to defend their home turf. Our findings provide a unique perspective on NFL contests, raising questions about how much a venue can mean to victory To see which players and teams dominate in certain stadiums, keep reading. Top Performances by Location We analyzed single-game performances in each NFL stadium since 1960, identifying the most productive passer, receiver, and rusher in each venue. Explore the table below. You'll find many NFL all-time greats represented – and a few surprises as well. In the passing category, several of the game’s most celebrated quarterbacks laid claim to their home stadiums. Who but Tom Brady could hold the passing record for Gillette Stadium? Or Philip Rivers for the StubHub Center? On the other hand, certain icons were surpassed by more recent players: Peyton Manning, for example, was outdone by Andrew Luck at the Colt’s Lucas Oil Stadium. The passing records in each stadium were a mix of legends and players struck by temporary greatness. Chicago’s Soldier Field rushing record, for example, was held by Walter Payton, widely considered one of the best to ever grace an NFL field. The rushing record for Detroit’s Ford Field, by contrast, is held by Kevin Jones, whose five-year career began with a bang and settled quickly into mediocrity. Among receivers, plenty of household names and current stars owned records for stadiums. But in terms of single-game performance, Julio Jones and Calvin Johnson have nothing on Flipper Anderson, the journeyman wideout who turned in a record-setting 336-yard receiving performance on one November day in 1989. Domination Across Locations Some players don’t need a home crowd to provide superlative performances. In fact, when we studied the top 10 passing, receiving, and rushing records for each stadium, certain names kept showing up. Leading the passing category is Drew Brees with 16 top 10 performances amassed over the course of his long and storied career. Brady follows closely behind with 15 top 10 performances. Peyton Manning tied with Ben Roethlisberger with 13 top 10 performances apiece. Kirk Cousins and Carson Palmer claimed spots five and six among passers. Among receivers, Julio Jones had the most top 10 performances, followed by the inimitable Terrel Owens. Jones shares the honor of having two stadium receiving records with Jacksonville Jaguars great Jimmy Smith and lesser-known receiver Kevin Curtis, who enjoyed an explosive 2007 season with the Eagles. Jamal Lewis led all rushers with nine different top 10 stadium rushing performances: In the 2003 season, he earned a staggering 2,066 yards and had several other seasons with 1,000 yards or more. He shared the honor for most stadium rushing records with Doug Martin, who has overcome his short stature to make two Pro Bowls. Humiliated at Home Let’s face it: Some NFL franchises have forced their fans to witness plenty of dominant play by other teams. For some franchises, that meant that a majority of the top performances in their home stadiums were actually achieved by opposing players. Oh, woeful Cleveland: The long-suffering franchise has defied mathematical probability with its consistently poor play. During their seemingly endless stretch of losing, the Browns’ FirstEnergy Stadium has seen 60% of its records for passing, rushing, and receiving set by opposing players. Detroit and Tennessee had similar embarrassing records of rival players excelling on their home turf. Conversely, Pittsburgh’s Heinz Field had just 38% of its records set by non-Steelers, the lowest percentage in the league. This enviable history is partially attributable to the Steelers’ legacy of strong defensive squads, which kept even the most prolific offenses in check during the 2000s. In some cases, certain opposing teams treated specific stadiums like their own stomping grounds. To some extent, this is expected: When divisional rivals meet multiple times each year, someone on the other side will occasionally turn in a massive performance. But certain statistics tell a depressing tale of domination: The Patriots consistently put up massive numbers on Buffalo, owning over 20% of records at New Era Field. Similarly, the Bengals seemed to thrive in Baltimore, while the Falcons were excellent New Orleans. Successful Stadiums Do certain venues lend themselves to offensive fireworks? Or does the quality of the home team dictate the offensive stats recorded in each stadium? We averaged the totals of 100-yard passing, receiving, and rushing performances in each stadium. Our findings raise interesting questions about the influence a venue may have on players’ performances at each position. The iconic New Orleans Superdome, for example, saw the highest average passing and receiving performances. This might be attributable to the closed roof on the dome, which free QBs and receivers from dealing with wind and inclement weather. But an even more likely factor is that the Superdome is home to the New Orleans Saints, whose offensive prowess is sure to skew averages higher. The same can not be said of Lambeau Field, where the Packers play exposed to the elements of Wisconsin’s winter. The stadium’s stats probably have more to do with the Packers’ excellent tradition of quarterback play than favorable conditions. The Raiders’ former home, the Oakland Coliseum, also ranked fourth for passing and receiving averages, though that might reflect the success of other teams on their turf in recent years. As far as rushing performances, Buffalo’s New Era Field had a higher average than any other NFL venue. This might reflect the team’s recent run of inconsistency at quarterback rather than running skill: When you can’t find a franchise QB to lead the passing game, handing the ball off is often the only option. Heroes at home Clearly, some players have left indelible marks on the places in which they play. We analyzed which athletes held the greatest percentage of the top 100 passing, receiving, and rushing yards at each stadium, determining the most dominant players in particular venues. In a remarkable feat, Tom Brady and Drew Brees held more than half of the top 100 passing performances at their respective home stadiums. Ben Roethlisberger was close behind, owning 49% of the top 100 passing games at Heinz Field. You’ll notice that the top five players in this category all come from the modern NFL era, as opposed to decades past. These statistics lend weight to the theory that the NFL is more offensively oriented than ever before, making it easier for passers to put up big numbers. Of the top 100 receiving performances achieved at Houston’s NRG Stadium, seven-time Pro Bowler Andre Johnson accounted for 28 of them. While no other receiver could near that mark, Larry Fitzgerald and T.Y. Hilton had dominant runs with the Cardinals and Colts, respectively, as did Jimmy Smith in Jacksonville. Among running backs, Fred Taylor owned a quarter of the 100 best rushing performances accomplished at Jacksonville’s TIAA Bank Field. Beloved Seattle Seahawk Shaun Alexander, had a similar number at CenturyLink Field, as did Ezekiel Elliot at AT&T Stadium. The great Walter Payton was the only player from an earlier NFL era to make the top five. Though his playing days ended in 1987, he still owns 22% of Soldier Field’s top rushing performances. Witnessing Winning Our finding demonstrates that unique relationship between players and the places they compete, either as at-home favorites or rivals on the road. Some venues are inseparable from the athletes who find glory on their fields, while others have witnessed embarrassing defeats at the hands of visitors. In an era where fandom is more digital and distant than ever before, perhaps we can pause to savor the majesty of football stadiums. As the site of tremendous play and passion, these buildings have hosted football’s finest moments through the years. For players and fans alike, they’re full of memories both precious and painful. No matter who conquers the gridiron on any given Sunday, there’s no structure quite like an NFL stadium. Methodology and Limitations We collected data from pro-football-reference.com of the top 100 passing, receiving, and rushing record performances for each NFL stadium from 1960 to 2019. Data was limited to stadiums that were active during the 2019 season. Data were collected on May 11, 2020. Top record performances were defined by total yards of offense by a single player in a single game. Players, conferences, and teams were defined according to their current listing from pro-football-reference.com. Stadium names reflect the most recently used name during which an NFL team was an active tenant. Fair Use Statement Want to share our findings with a friend? We hope you can stir up some good stadium memories – or maybe a little smack talk about dominating their squad. If you do decide to share our work, please do so purely for noncommerical purposes and provide a link back to this page so that others can find and explore the full project.
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